The March on Washington Movement (MOWM) was a significant civil rights campaign during the 1940s that aimed to address issues of racial discrimination and inequality faced by African Americans in the United States. The MOWM was initiated by civil rights leader A. Philip Randolph, who was the president of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, one of the most influential Black labor organizations at the time.

The MOWM gained momentum during World War II when Randolph threatened to organize a massive protest in Washington, DC to demand an end to segregation in the military and equal job opportunities for Black Americans in the defense industry. In response to Randolph's threat, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed Executive Order 8802 in 1941, which banned discrimination in the defense industry and established the Fair Employment Practices Committee.

Despite this initial victory, the MOWM continued to push for civil rights and economic justice for African Americans. In 1942, the MOWM organized the "March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom," which brought thousands of Black activists and supporters to the nation's capital to demand an end to segregation and discrimination in all sectors of society.

Although the MOWM did not achieve all of its goals, it laid the groundwork for future civil rights movements and inspired the organizers of the historic March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom in 1963, where Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his famous "I Have a Dream" speech. The MOWM is an important chapter in Black history that highlights the ongoing struggle for racial equality and social justice in the United States.