The Civil Rights Act of 1875 was landmark legislation passed by the United States Congress during the Reconstruction Era following the Civil War. The act sought to guarantee equal access to public accommodations and prohibit racial discrimination in public places such as hotels, theaters, and transportation.

The Civil Rights Act of 1875 was the last significant piece of federal civil rights legislation passed during Reconstruction, and it represented an important step towards equality for African Americans. However, the act faced significant opposition and was largely unenforced in the years following its passage. In 1883, the Supreme Court declared key provisions of the act unconstitutional in the Civil Rights Cases decision, ruling that the federal government did not have the authority to regulate private acts of discrimination.

The failure of the Civil Rights Act of 1875 to fully protect the civil rights of African Americans highlighted the ongoing challenges and struggles for racial equality in the United States. It would not be until the Civil Rights Movement of the 20th century that significant strides were made towards achieving equal rights and protections for all Americans, regardless of race.