The Civil Rights Act of 1875 was a federal law passed by the United States Congress which aimed to guarantee African Americans equal treatment in public accommodations, transportation, and prohibited discrimination in jury selection. The Act was intended to provide protection for African Americans in the South who were facing widespread discrimination and segregation following the end of slavery.

Despite its progressive intent, the Civil Rights Act of 1875 was largely ineffective in enforcing civil rights for African Americans. The Act was weakened by a Supreme Court ruling in the case of Civil Rights Cases (1883), which declared that the individual rights outlined in the Act were beyond the scope of federal authority. This decision essentially nullified the Act and allowed for continued discrimination and segregation in the United States.

The failure of the Civil Rights Act of 1875 highlighted the ongoing struggle for racial equality and justice in America and underscored the need for further legislative measures to protect the civil rights of African Americans. It would take several more decades and the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s for significant progress to be made in advancing civil rights and dismantling segregation and discrimination in the United States.