The Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters (BSCP) was a historic labor union formed in 1925 by A. Philip Randolph, a prominent African American labor leader, and civil rights activist. The BSCP was the first labor union led by African Americans to receive a charter from the American Federation of Labor (AFL). The union represented African American workers employed as porters on the Pullman Company's sleeping cars, a job that was one of the few available to black men in the railway industry at the time.

The BSCP fought for better wages, working conditions, and job security for its members. Under the leadership of A. Philip Randolph, the union also campaigned against racial discrimination within the railway industry, challenging the practice of employing African Americans only in menial and low-paying positions.

One of the most significant achievements of the BSCP was the successful negotiation of the first collective bargaining agreement between a black trade union and a major corporation in the United States. This landmark agreement, reached in 1937, provided improved working conditions, better pay, and job security for the porters represented by the BSCP.

The BSCP played a crucial role in advancing the rights of African American workers and paved the way for future civil rights and labor movements. The union's efforts also contributed to the broader struggle for racial equality in the United States.