Segregation in Black history refers to the system of racial segregation that was enforced in the United States from the late 19th century until the mid-20th century. This system aimed to separate African Americans from whites in all areas of public life, including schools, housing, transportation, and public facilities.

Segregation was supported by laws known as Jim Crow laws, which mandated separate facilities for Black and white people. These laws perpetuated a system of white supremacy and racial discrimination, leading to unequal access to resources and opportunities for African Americans.

Segregation had a profound impact on the lives of Black individuals and communities, as they were subjected to systemic racism and violence. The civil rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s sought to dismantle segregation and promote equality and integration. Through nonviolent protests, legal challenges, and grassroots organizing, activists like Martin Luther King Jr., Rosa Parks, and many others fought for an end to segregation and the establishment of civil rights for all people.

In 1954, the landmark Supreme Court case Brown v. Board of Education declared school segregation unconstitutional, and subsequent civil rights legislation, such as the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965, helped to dismantle segregation and promote equal rights for African Americans. Though segregation formally ended, its legacy continues to influence racial dynamics in the U.S. today.