Segregation in Black history refers to a system of legal racial separation and discrimination that was enforced primarily in the United States from the late 19th century through the mid-20th century. Segregation was a key component of the Jim Crow laws that mandated racial segregation in public facilities, transportation, housing, schools, and other areas of society.

Segregation was rooted in the belief of white superiority and the desire to maintain racial purity and dominance. It was a way to systematically marginalize and oppress African Americans, restricting their access to resources, opportunities, and equal rights.

Segregation resulted in the creation of separate facilities and institutions for Black individuals, such as "colored" schools, water fountains, restrooms, and seating areas on public transportation. These facilities were often inferior to those reserved for whites, perpetuating a system of inequality and dehumanization.

The civil rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s, led by activists such as Martin Luther King Jr., Rosa Parks, and Malcolm X, sought to dismantle segregation and secure equal rights for African Americans. The landmark Supreme Court case Brown v. Board of Education in 1954 declared racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional, marking a significant victory in the fight against segregation.

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965 were also significant legislative victories that helped to dismantle segregation and secure equal rights for African Americans.

While legal segregation has been abolished, its legacy continues to impact society today through ongoing racial disparities and systemic inequalities. Understanding the history of segregation is crucial in working towards racial justice and equality for all individuals.