Segregated education in Black history refers to the system of racial segregation in schools that enforced the separation of Black and white students in the United States. The practice of segregation in education was legal and widespread in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, particularly in the Southern states.

The landmark U.S. Supreme Court case Plessy v. Ferguson in 1896 upheld the constitutionality of "separate but equal" facilities for Black and white individuals, which provided a legal basis for segregation in public institutions, including schools. As a result, Black students were required to attend separate, often substandard schools with limited resources compared to their white counterparts.

The fight against segregated education was a key part of the broader Civil Rights Movement. In 1954, the Supreme Court's ruling in Brown v. Board of Education declared that segregated schools were inherently unequal and violated the 14th Amendment's Equal Protection Clause. This decision marked a turning point in the struggle for desegregation in education and paved the way for the integration of schools.

Despite the legal victories, the process of desegregation was met with resistance, violence, and obstacles. Many white communities fought against integration, leading to efforts such as "massive resistance" and the use of tactics like school closings to prevent Black students from attending previously all-white schools.

The legacy of segregated education in Black history is a reminder of the systemic racism and inequality that have persisted in the United States. The struggles and sacrifices made by Black students, parents, and activists in the fight for educational equality have been instrumental in shaping the landscape of education and advancing civil rights in America.