Prisoners' rights have been a significant issue in Black history due to the disproportionate incarceration of Black individuals throughout the United States. Historically, Black individuals have faced harsh and discriminatory treatment within the criminal justice system, including in prisons.

One notable event in the fight for prisoners' rights in Black history is the Attica Prison riot in 1971. Inmates at the Attica Correctional Facility in New York staged a protest to demand better living conditions, improved medical care, and an end to racism and abusive treatment by prison guards. The protest turned into a four-day standoff, during which negotiations were attempted but ultimately failed. The riot was eventually ended by a violent raid by the state police, resulting in 43 deaths, including 10 prison guards and 33 inmates.

The Attica Prison riot brought national attention to the deplorable conditions within the American prison system, especially as it pertained to the treatment of Black inmates. It highlighted the need for prison reform and sparked important conversations about prisoners' rights and the systemic racism present in the criminal justice system.

Since then, activists and organizations have continued to fight for the rights of incarcerated individuals, with a particular focus on addressing the racial disparities that exist within the prison system. Efforts have been made to advocate for fair treatment, access to education and rehabilitation programs, and an end to practices that disproportionately harm Black and other marginalized communities.

Overall, the struggle for prisoners' rights in Black history is intertwined with the broader fight for racial justice and equality in the United States, as activists work to ensure that all individuals, regardless of race or background, are treated with dignity and respect within the criminal justice system.