The Pan-African Congress was a series of seven gatherings of leaders and activists from Africa and the African diaspora that aimed to promote unity, solidarity, and progress for people of African descent around the world. The first Pan-African Congress was held in 1900 in London and was organized by a Trinidadian lawyer named Henry Sylvester Williams. This gathering brought together prominent figures such as W.E.B. Du Bois, Bishop Alexander Walters, and Anna Julia Cooper to address issues facing people of African descent globally, including racism, colonialism, and discrimination.

Subsequent Pan-African Congresses were held in various locations such as Paris, New York, London, and Manchester, with the most famous being the 5th Pan-African Congress held in Manchester in 1945. This congress was attended by over 200 delegates from around the world and included figures such as Kwame Nkrumah, George Padmore, and Amy Ashwood Garvey. The Manchester Congress called for the end of colonialism and racial discrimination, and played a significant role in shaping the decolonization movements in Africa and the Caribbean.

Overall, the Pan-African Congresses were instrumental in fostering a sense of solidarity among people of African descent, promoting intellectual and political dialogue, and laying the groundwork for the Pan-African movement that sought to advance the rights and interests of Black people worldwide.