Nelson Mandela, born on July 18, 1918, was a prominent figure in Black history and a leader in the struggle against apartheid in South Africa. As a young lawyer, Mandela became involved in the African National Congress (ANC), a political organization advocating for equal rights for all South Africans.

Mandela's opposition to apartheid led to his arrest and imprisonment in 1962. He spent 27 years in prison, during which he became a symbol of the anti-apartheid movement. Mandela's release from prison in 1990 marked a turning point in South Africa's history, leading to negotiations that ultimately resulted in the end of apartheid and the establishment of a democratic government.

In 1994, Mandela was elected as South Africa's first Black president, serving until 1999. He worked to promote reconciliation and unity in the country, and his leadership was instrumental in guiding South Africa through a peaceful transition to democracy.

Mandela remains an iconic figure in Black history and a global symbol of resistance, perseverance, and the fight for justice and equality. He received numerous awards and honors for his advocacy for human rights, including the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993. Mandela passed away on December 5, 2013, but his legacy continues to inspire people around the world to work towards a more just and inclusive society.