Nat Turner's Rebellion, also known as the Southampton Insurrection, was a significant event in Black history that took place in Southampton County, Virginia in August 1831. Nat Turner, an enslaved African American, led the rebellion with the goal of overthrowing the institution of slavery.

Turner was a preacher who believed he was chosen by God to lead a rebellion against slave owners. On the night of August 21, 1831, Turner and a group of followers began their revolt by killing Turner's owner, Joseph Travis, along with his family. They then went on a rampage, moving from house to house and killing white slave owners and their families.

The rebellion was eventually suppressed by local militias and state troops, and Turner was captured two months later. He was tried, convicted, and sentenced to death. Turner was executed by hanging on November 11, 1831.

The rebellion had a profound impact on the South, leading to harsher laws and restrictions on enslaved people, as well as increased fear and violence towards African Americans. Nat Turner's Rebellion is remembered as a symbol of resistance against oppression and a key moment in the history of slave rebellions in the United States.