Nat Turner's Rebellion, also known as the Southampton Insurrection, was a significant slave rebellion that took place in Southampton County, Virginia in August 1831. Nat Turner, an enslaved African American preacher and educated individual, led the rebellion with a group of fellow slaves.

Turner believed that he was ordained by God to lead a revolt against the institution of slavery. On the night of August 21, 1831, Turner and his followers began their rebellion by killing Turner's owner, Joseph Travis, and his family. They then went from plantation to plantation, recruiting more slaves to join their cause and killing white residents along the way.

The rebellion was eventually suppressed by state and federal troops, resulting in the capture and execution of Nat Turner and many of his followers. The aftermath of the rebellion was brutal, with widespread violence and retaliation against black individuals in the region.

The legacy of Nat Turner's Rebellion is mixed, as it both terrified white slaveholders and provided inspiration for future generations of African Americans fighting against slavery and oppression. Turner's rebellion is seen as a symbol of resistance and a reminder of the brutal conditions faced by enslaved people in the United States.