NASA, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, has a significant history in relation to Black Americans. Despite facing discrimination and segregation, several Black individuals have made important contributions to NASA's missions and advancements in space exploration.

One prominent figure is Dr. George Carruthers, who was an astrophysicist and inventor. In the 1970s, Carruthers developed the ultraviolet camera/spectrograph, which was used on the Apollo 16 mission to the moon. This invention provided valuable data on Earth's atmosphere and celestial objects.

Another notable figure is Mary Jackson, who was one of the first Black female engineers at NASA. Jackson's work involved conducting experiments in NASA's wind tunnels, which were crucial for the success of the Mercury and Apollo missions. Her pioneering efforts paved the way for other Black women to pursue careers in engineering and aerospace.

In addition, the mathematician Katherine Johnson made significant contributions to NASA's space missions. Johnson calculated the trajectory for the 1969 Apollo 11 mission, which led to the successful landing of the first humans on the moon. Her expertise in celestial mechanics and mathematics was instrumental in ensuring the safety and success of numerous spaceflights.

These individuals, along with many others, have played a vital role in NASA's achievements and advancements in space exploration. Their contributions have not only expanded our understanding of the universe but have also broken barriers and inspired future generations of Black scientists, engineers, and astronauts.