The Montgomery Improvement Association (MIA) was a pivotal organization in the Civil Rights Movement, particularly during the Montgomery Bus Boycott in 1955-1956. The MIA was founded in response to the arrest of Rosa Parks, who refused to give up her seat to a white passenger on a public bus in Montgomery, Alabama.

Under the leadership of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., who was chosen as the president of the MIA, the organization coordinated the boycott of the city's segregated bus system. This boycott, which lasted for 381 days, was a key moment in the Civil Rights Movement and helped to mobilize African Americans in Montgomery to challenge racial segregation and discrimination.

The MIA played a crucial role in organizing and sustaining the boycott, providing leadership, legal support, and coordination of the community's efforts. The successful outcome of the boycott, which resulted in a Supreme Court decision declaring segregated seating on public buses unconstitutional, marked a significant victory in the fight for civil rights and inspired further activism across the United States.

Overall, the Montgomery Improvement Association and the Montgomery Bus Boycott are emblematic of the power of nonviolent protest and community organizing in the struggle for racial equality and justice.