Discriminatory voting practices have a long and dark history in the United States, particularly when it comes to Black Americans. Here are some key points to consider:

1. Literacy tests: Many states in the South implemented literacy tests as a way to disenfranchise Black voters. These tests were designed to be difficult and discriminatory, with the intention of preventing Black Americans from being able to vote.

2. Poll taxes: Poll taxes were another common tactic used to suppress Black voter turnout. These taxes required individuals to pay a fee in order to vote, which disproportionately impacted poorer Black citizens who could not afford to pay.

3. Grandfather clauses: Grandfather clauses were laws that exempted individuals from voting restrictions if their grandfathers had been eligible to vote before the Civil War. Since Black Americans were enslaved and disenfranchised before the Civil War, these clauses effectively disenfranchised Black voters.

4. Intimidation and violence: Black voters often faced threats, intimidation, and violence at the polls, particularly in the Jim Crow South. This included tactics like the Ku Klux Klan terrorizing Black voters to prevent them from exercising their right to vote.

5. Gerrymandering: Gerrymandering is the practice of manipulating electoral district boundaries to benefit a particular political party or group. This has been used to dilute the voting power of Black communities by splitting them into multiple districts or packing them into a single district.

These discriminatory voting practices have had a lasting impact on Black political participation and representation in the United States. It was not until the Voting Rights Act of 1965 that many of these practices were outlawed, marking a significant victory in the fight for voting rights for all Americans.