Desegregation in Black history refers to the process of dismantling laws and policies that enforced racial segregation and discrimination. One of the most significant victories in the fight for desegregation was the landmark Supreme Court case Brown v. Board of Education in 1954. In this case, the Court declared that segregation in public schools was unconstitutional, overturning the "separate but equal" doctrine established in Plessy v. Ferguson in 1896.

The Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s was a key period in the fight for desegregation, led by prominent figures such as Martin Luther King Jr., Rosa Parks, and Malcolm X. This movement saw the use of nonviolent protests, sit-ins, marches, and legal challenges to challenge segregation in schools, public spaces, and workplaces.

Desegregation efforts faced significant resistance from white supremacists and segregationists, leading to violent confrontations and civil unrest in many parts of the United States. Despite this opposition, federal legislation such as the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965 were passed to outlaw segregation and protect the voting rights of African Americans.

Desegregation had a profound impact on American society, leading to increased opportunities and rights for African Americans in education, employment, housing, and public accommodations. However, the legacy of segregation and its effects continue to be felt today, as racial disparities and inequalities persist in many aspects of American life.