Desegregation in Black history refers to the process of dismantling and eliminating racial segregation, specifically in the United States during the mid-20th century. One of the most well-known instances of desegregation was the landmark Supreme Court case Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka in 1954. This case declared that state laws establishing separate public schools for Black and white students were unconstitutional, leading to the desegregation of schools across the country.

Desegregation efforts extended beyond schools and encompassed various aspects of society, including public transportation, housing, restaurants, and other public facilities. The Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s, led by prominent figures such as Martin Luther King Jr., Rosa Parks, and Malcolm X, played a crucial role in challenging segregation and advocating for equal rights and opportunities for Black Americans.

One of the most pivotal moments in the fight for desegregation was the Montgomery Bus Boycott in 1955, sparked by Rosa Parks' refusal to give up her seat to a white passenger on a segregated bus. The boycott, which lasted for over a year, eventually led to a Supreme Court ruling declaring segregated buses unconstitutional.

Desegregation was a long and challenging process that faced significant resistance from those who supported segregation and white supremacy. Despite the progress made through legal victories and grassroots activism, desegregation efforts continue to be a critical issue in ensuring equality and justice for Black communities.