Brown v. Board of Education was a landmark legal case in Black history that was heard by the U.S. Supreme Court in 1954. The case was actually a combination of several cases from different states, all challenging the constitutionality of racial segregation in public schools. The plaintiffs argued that segregated schools were inherently unequal and violated the 14th Amendment's Equal Protection Clause.

The Supreme Court, in a unanimous decision, ruled that racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional and ordered the desegregation of schools across the United States. This decision was a major victory for the civil rights movement and paved the way for the dismantling of legalized segregation in all areas of society.

Brown v. Board of Education is considered one of the most important cases in American legal history and is often seen as the beginning of the end of legal segregation in the United States. The case was a significant step forward in the struggle for racial equality and civil rights for African Americans.