Benjamin Banneker was a prominent African American scientist, mathematician, astronomer, author, and surveyor who lived from 1731 to 1806. Born a free black man in Maryland, Banneker is best known for his accomplishments in the field of astronomy. He is renowned for his work in predicting solar and lunar eclipses, creating almanacs, and most notably, assisting in the surveying and design of the layout for the nation's capital, Washington, D.C.

Banneker's achievements were particularly remarkable considering the racial prejudice and limited opportunities for African Americans during his time. He corresponded with prominent figures such as Thomas Jefferson, challenging Jefferson's views on race and advocating for racial equality. Banneker's legacy continues to inspire and his contributions to science and society are celebrated in Black history as a testament to the intellect and talent of African Americans.