Abolition refers to the movement to end the institution of slavery in the United States. It was a key part of Black history, as African Americans were the primary victims of the slave trade and slavery in America.

The abolition movement in the United States began in the late 18th century and gained momentum in the 19th century. Black abolitionists played a crucial role in advocating for the end of slavery, often risking their lives and livelihoods in the fight for freedom.

Prominent Black abolitionists such as Frederick Douglass, Sojourner Truth, Harriet Tubman, and David Walker used their voices and actions to challenge the institution of slavery and demand equality and justice for African Americans. They spoke out against the inhumane treatment of enslaved people, helped slaves escape to freedom through the Underground Railroad, and worked tirelessly to abolish slavery through legal and political means.

The abolitionist movement eventually culminated in the Civil War and the passage of the 13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution in 1865, which officially abolished slavery in the United States. However, the fight for civil rights and equality for Black Americans continued long after abolition, leading to the Civil Rights Movement in the 20th century and ongoing efforts to combat racism and injustice in the present day.