"Plessy v. Ferguson" was a landmark U.S. Supreme Court case in 1896 that upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation laws for public facilities as long as they were "separate but equal." The case involved Homer Plessy, a Black man in Louisiana who was arrested for refusing to leave a whites-only train car. The Court's decision established the legal precedent for segregation and led to the establishment of Jim Crow laws across the southern United States, institutionalizing racial discrimination for decades. The "separate but equal" doctrine was used to justify segregation in education, transportation, housing, and many other aspects of society, reinforcing racial inequality and injustice. The Plessy ruling was eventually overturned by the landmark Brown v. Board of Education decision in 1954, which declared segregation in public schools to be unconstitutional.